General
Many states have laws regarding the preferential assessment of agricultural land. This means that farm and ranch assessments are usually based on the land's capability to produce agricultural products. In Wyoming , agricultural land is taxed based on the land's productivity capability under normal conditions.

Designation of Classification and Valuation of Agricultural Lands

Ag Land Definitions
Common questions arise in the classification of agricultural lands. Wyoming uses the following points as criteria:

• As of the assessment date, the land is being used for an agricultural purpose, which includes: a.) Cultivation of the soil for production of crops; or b.) Production of timber products or grasses for forage; or c.) Rearing, feeding, grazing or management of livestock.
• The land is not part of a platted subdivision. Except: any lot, unit, tract or parcel not less than thirty-five (35) acres in size used for agricultural purposes within a platted subdivision and otherwise qualifying as agricultural land for purposes of W.S.39-13-103(b)(x). The parcel shall be deemed not to be part of a platted subdivision for purposes of W.S. 39-13-103(b)(B)(II).
• If the land is not leased land, the owner has derived annual gross revenues of not less than five-hundred dollars ($500) from the marketing of agricultural products. If the land is leased, the lessee has derived annual gross revenue of not less than one-thousand dollars ($1,000) from marketing of agricultural products.
• The land has been used or employed, consistent with the land's size, location and capability to produce as defined by the Department's rules and the “Mapping and Agricultural Manual”. 

Determining Productivity
There are three steps that must be satisfied to determine agricultural land productivity value:

• Classification. Identifying property ownership and classifying property types (i.e., urban, suburban, agricultural land, etc.) is the responsibility of the County Assessor 's office. The proper identification of property ownership is essential to the agricultural land evaluation process. It determines the ownership boundaries and is the first step in determining land use.
• Land Use. There are three major categories of agricultural land. They are irrigated crop, dry crop, and rangeland. Any, or all three, may be found in any given parcel of land. To properly value each agricultural parcel, these categories must be correctly identified and located. This is accomplished through the use of various materials, including aerial photography.
• Productivity. The following three categories of agricultural land are used in identifying productivity. 

Irrigated Crop Land
Tons of all hay per acre is the productivity measurement used for valuing irrigated cropland. This “measurement” is determined from environmental factors that affect the soil's ability to produce. These “factors,” or limitations, are published in the United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service's Soil Survey – and include items such as precipitation, length of growing season, slope, etc.

Dry Crop Land
Bushels of all wheat, per acre, are the productivity measurement used for valuing dry cropland. As with irrigated cropland, this “measurement” is determined by environmental factors that affect the soil's ability to produce. The “factors,” or limitations, are the same as those used with irrigated cropland.

Range Land
Animal Unit Months or AUMs is the productivity measurement used for valuing rangeland. The term “AUM” is defined as the amount of forage required to sustain a 1,000 pound cow, with or without a calf, for one month.

Determining Value
Once ownership has been identified, land use has been established, and the productive capability has been tabulated for the parcel, a four-step valuation process begins:

• Determine Prices of Agricultural Products. This information is derived from the Wyoming Agricultural Statistics Service's commodity price data. This information, which consists of all hay, all wheat and grazing prices, is converted to a five (5) year weighted average.
• Capitalization Rate Selection. This rate is based on the Farm Credit Services of Omaha Long Term Portfolio rates, which are also converted to a five (5) year weighted average.
• Determine Net Income. To determine the net income, the unit price of each of the 3 commodities is multiplied times the production per acre. Next, the landlord share is determined, if applicable, then the expenses and production losses are deducted to establish a net income to the landlord.
• Capitalize Net Income. The final step in the process is capitalizing the net income. The following formula illustrates the valuation process:

Yield Net Value Per

Per Acre x Commodity Unit
_______________________________ = Land Value

Capitalization Per Acre

Rate

Figuring the Tax Bill
Wyoming is a fractional assessment state. This means that the taxable value is based on a portion of the full value. In Wyoming , this fractional amount is 9.5% for agricultural property. To arrive at the assessed value, multiply the total land value per acre times 9.5%. The assessed value is then multiplied by the appropriate tax district mill levy to obtain the tax.

Application for Agricultural Classification as Defined by 39-13-103(b)(x)